Opposition: although

割に

V

い-Adj

な-Adj + な

N + の

+ 割に

割わりに means “considering A, B”, “although”.

Example

このマンションは古ふるい割に高たかいです。 This apartment is expensive considering how old it is.

ことは～が

V

+ ことは +

V

+ が

い-Adj

+ ことは +

い-Adj

+ が

な-Adj + な

+ ことは +

な-Adj

+ が

⚠ It must be the same verb or adjective at both end!

Means “although”.

Example

勉強べんきょうすることはするが、まだ下手へたです。 Although I study everyday, I’m still bad at it.

といっても

Means “although”. Puts a nuance to the first statement describing that it is not as much as imagined, and adds a complimentary information.

Example

彼かれは医者いしゃといっても、あまり頭あたまが良よくない。 He may be a doctor, but he is not very smart.

にも関わらず

にも関かかわらず means “regardless”, “despite”.

Example

危険きけんにもかかわらず、彼かれはまだそれをやった。 Despite the danger, he still did it.

ものの

V

い-Adj

な-Adj + な

N + である

+ ものの

Means “although”, “even though”. It is formal. Similar to のに. The first part is positive, and the second one is negative.

Example

今日きょうは晴はれたもののとても寒さむい。 It is sunny today, but very cold.

もっとも

Means “although”, “but”. Connects two phrases. Used in literature.

Example

帰国するつもりです。もっとも時間がある場合だけど。 I plan to return to my country. But only if I had the time…