Time: finally
やっと
Means that something happened at last, with efforts. More rarely means “barely”. Used at the beginning of a phrase.
Example
やっと論文を書き終わった。 I finally finished writing my thesis.
ついに
Means “finally”, “at last”. Something happened after working to accomplish the goal. Positive implications. Used at the beginning of a phrase.
Example
ついに 新しい地下鉄が出来上がった。 At last, the new subway was completed.
あげく
V (た)
N + の
+ あげく
Means “in the end”, “finally”. Implies a negative result, despite effort given.
Examples
一緒に暮らしたあげく、別れることに決めました。 After living together, we decided to break up.
いよいよ
Means “finally”. Explains that something finally happened (after preparation, waiting, etc). Used at the beginning of a phrase.
Examples
いよいよ作り終わりました。 I finally finished it.
末に
V (た)
N + の
+ 末に
末に means “finally”. Focuses on the end of the preparation.
Examples
末に準備を終わりました。 Finally, I finished the preparations.