Particles (2)
ใใ
Because
V
ใ-Adj
ใช-Adj + ใ
N + ใ
+ ใใ
The first meaning of ใใ is โbecauseโ.
Example
็ฒใใใใไปใใใใซ่กใใพใใ Iโm going to bed now because I am tired.
From, since
The second meaning expresses that something comes from someone/something, or the start time/location. Used by only adding ใใ.
Example
ใ็ฅๆฏใใใใใใใฃใใ I got it from my grandmother.
ใใใงๅญไพใฎๆใใๅฎถๆใจไฝใใงใใพใใ I have lived here with my family since Iโm a kid.
ใพใง
Means โuntilโ or โtoโ.
Example
้ง ใพใงใฉใฎใใใใงใใใ How far is it to the station?
ใใ๏ฝใพใง
These two particles are frequently used together. It means โfrom X to Yโ.
Example
ๆใซ๏ผๆใใ๏ผๆใพใง้ป่ปใง้ใใฃใฆใใพใใ I commute by train from 6am to 7am.
ใฃใ
V
ใ-Adj ใ ใใฃใ
ใช-Adj + ใ ใปใ ใฃใ
N + ใ ใปใ ใฃใ
+ ใฃใ
Used when the speaker tries to remember, or confirm an information, that has been forgotten.
Example
ไผ่ญฐใฏไปๆฅใ ใฃใใฃใใ Was the meeting today?
ใใ
Means โfor sureโ. Used to emphasize words. Used with nouns.
โ Replaces the ใ and ใ particle. It is, in a certain way, a stronger way than ใ to highlight information.
Example
ไปๅนดใใๆฅๆฌใไฝใใ This year, for sure Iโll live in Japan.
ใใ
V (ใฆ)
V ใพใ
N + ใง
N +
+ ใใ
Means โevenโ, โnot evenโ (with negative verbs).
Example
ๅ ็ใงใใใใใฎๆฒใๅผพใใใจใฏ้ฃใใใงใใ Even for my teacher, this composition is difficult to play.
โ With conditional verbs, it means โonlyโ. See ใใ๏ฝใฐ.
Sentence ending
At the end of a sentence, some particles can be added to put emphasis on a meaning.
- ใชใ express hope, admiration or uncertainty. Can also be used to ask for confirmation (โright?โ).
- ใญ seeks confirmation.
- ใ when informing someone about something.
- ใ is informal womenโs speech.