Opposition: even if, even though
て-form: even if
See TeF (4) - even if.
のに
Means “although”, “even tough”. See [[Connectors#のに#Even tough]].
それでも
Means “but still”, “even so”, “anyway”.
Example
雨が降っていた、それでも出かけていた。 It was raining, but I still went out.
くせに
V
い-Adj
な-Adj + な
N + の
+ くせに
Means “despite”, “even tough”. Has a negative connotation.
Example
掃除すると言ったくせに、まだ汚いよ。 You said you would clean it up, but it’s still dirty.
たとえ~ても
たとえ +
V (て)
い-Adj い くても
な-Adj + でも
N + でも
Means “even if X is the case”. Used to present possibilities.
Example
たとえ疲れても、もうちょっと起きている。 Even if I’m tired, I’ll stay up a little longer.
たって
V (た)
い-Adj い くた
な-Adj + だ
N + だ
+ って
Means “even if”, “even though”.
Example
今で行ったって、間に合わない。 Even if you go now, you won’t make it in time.
ても始まらない
ても始まらない means “there’s no point, even if you…” Used with a verb in て form.
Example
もう遅れているから、行っても始まらない。 I’m already late, so it’s no use going now.
ところが
expectation
+ ところが +
result
Means “however”, “even though”. It is used to talk about an unexpected result, that is contradictory to the precedent statement.
Example
自転車の乗り方を忘れるはありえないと思っていた。ところがすっかり忘れた。 I thought it was impossible to forget how to ride a bike. However, I completely forgot.
ながらも
Means “even while”, “despite”. It is used to express that while something is one state, something else. See also ながら.
Example
病気ながらも、パーティーに行くつもりです。 Although I am sick, I’m planning to go to party.
「と・に」しても
Summing up
🛠 Todo.