Amount
くらい・ぐらい
V (ない)
い-Adj
な-Adj + な
N + の
+ くらい・ぐらい
Means “about” or “approximately” when talking about numbers or counter words. Focuses on the uncertainty of the number. ぐらい is more common than くらい in conversations, but can change depending on the preceding word.
Example
電車はどのくらいで到着しますか。 About how much time will the train take to arrive?
医者に1時間ぐらいを待ってました。 I waited approximately an hour for the doctor.
Also used to compare things as being similar.
Example
友達と試験の結果は同じぐらいです。 My friend and I have about the same results at the test.
Also means “to the extent of”.
Example
食べなくて寝たいぐらい疲れています。 I’m tired to the extent of not eating and going to sleep.
は particle
See は.
ほど
V (non-past)
い-Adj
な-Adj + な
N
+ 程
Like くらい, it describes an approximate amount. It focuses on a limit being reached. It translates to “about” or “to the extent”.
Example
地下鉄を乗るために、死ぬ程走った。 In order to catch the subway, I ran to death.
一度に
一度に means “all at once”.
Example
バスは一度に100人を乗せることができる。 A bus can carry 100 persons at a time.
ずつ
Used with nouns that express a number or a counter, meaning “each”, “at time”. Used with 少し, means “little by little”.
Example
2個ずつください。 I’ll take two of each please.